Git Cheatsheet #

Git is a distributed version control system created by Linus Torvalds in 2005 to manage the development of the Linux kernel. It is designed for speed, efficiency, and support for distributed, non-linear workflows. Git has become the most widely used version control system in the world, known for its branching and merging capabilities.

Repository Management #

Command/Option	Example	Description
git init	`git init`	Initialize a new Git repository
git clone	`git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git`	Clone an existing repository

Staging and Committing #

Command/Option	Example	Description
git add	`git add file.txt`	Add file contents to the index
git commit	`git commit -m "Commit message"`	Record changes to the repository
git status	`git status`	Show the working tree status
git diff	`git diff`	Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc.

Branching and Merging #

Command/Option	Example	Description
git branch	`git branch new-branch`	List, create, or delete branches
git checkout	`git checkout new-branch`	Switch branches or restore working tree files
git merge	`git merge new-branch`	Join two or more development histories together
git rebase	`git rebase master`	Reapply commits on top of another base tip

Remote Repositories #

Command/Option	Example	Description
git fetch	`git fetch origin`	Download objects and refs from another repository
git pull	`git pull origin master`	Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch
git push	`git push origin master`	Update remote refs along with associated objects
git remote	`git remote add origin https://github.com/user/repo.git`	Manage set of tracked repositories

Undoing Changes #

Command/Option	Example	Description
git reset	`git reset --hard HEAD~1`	Reset current HEAD to the specified state
git rm	`git rm file.txt`	Remove files from the working tree and the index
git stash	`git stash`	Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away

Viewing History and Logs #

Command/Option	Example	Description
git log	`git log`	Show commit logs
git show	`git show HEAD`	Show various types of objects
git reflog	`git reflog`	Show history of commands associated with the reference

Advanced Commands #

Command/Option	Example	Description
git tag	`git tag -a v1.0 -m "Version 1.0"`	Create, list, delete, or verify a tag object signed with GPG
git archive	`git archive -o archive.zip HEAD`	Create an archive of files from a named tree
git bisect	`git bisect start`	Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug
git cherry-pick	`git cherry-pick commitSHA`	Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits

This cheatsheet covers the most commonly used Git commands and options, helping you to manage repositories, commits, branches, merges, and more effectively.